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With regard to the mountainous tunnelling, swift construction technology enables to construct long distance and large section tunnels. Higher design standards are adopted in the specifications and codes for Shinkansen (Superexpress) line projects and the Expressway ones. Currently, two Shinkansen tunnels with the length of over 20 km have begun to be in service in the newest line and two is under construction, and two expressway tunnels with the length of over 10 km have begun to be in service in the newest expressway and one is under construction. | |
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| The shinkansen lines bring economic and lifestyle benefits not only to the regions along which they run, but also to the residents of large cities, who are stimulated by the fulfillment of leisure activities created from the results of time saving, and who are brought a lifestyle of increased relaxation and refreshment. In addition to creating high speed safe travel,compared to other modes of transportation, they are more environment friendly and exceedingly energy efficient, and so there are high expectations for the promotion of future lines.
Presently, three planned high-seed shinkansen lines, the Tohoku, Hokuriku and Kyushu lines, are in progress, based on the National Shinkansen Development Act of 1970.
| | (Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency)
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| The New Tomei Expressway is a 330km long highway connecting Tokyo and Nagoya, and it is anticipated that it will be able to provide a mutually supplementary function to the existing Tomei Expressway, especially at times of road works and emergencies, and so preserve traffic capacity on the Tokyo-Nagoya route. The current progress of the construction in Shizuoka Prefecture where the project is smoothly under construction is described here.
Tunnels of the New Tomei Expressway will accommodate wide space 3-lane carriageways for improved road drivability and safety, and have a very large excavated cross section of approx. 190 m2. Tunnels will make up around 25% of the total length of the New Tomei Expressway, which is high ratio.
| | (Presented by Japan Highway Public Corporation)
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| | The Metropolitan Expressway is centered on the Tokyo area and is a transport network with an overall length of 264km, used each day by an average of 1.12 million vehicles and around 2 million passengers, thus serving as a very important support for the daily life and economic activity of the capital region. The Metropolitan Expressway Public Corporation is aiming to improve the service by expanding the network, and with society strongly seeking early service for improving the ring roads |
| (Presented by Metropolitan Expressway Public Corporation)
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| | The Outer Metropolitan Flood Control Water Route is an underground tunnel which starts 50m underground below National Road No. 16 having an internal diameter of 10.6m and a length of 6.3km, and collects the floodwaters of Oochi Kotone River (85m3/s), Kuramatsu River (100m3/s), Nakagawa River (25m3/s) etc., finally draining into the Edogawa river with a maximum flow of 200m3/s)
The tunnel depth was set to allow for construction by the shield method in ground where deformation could be kept to an absolute minimum, which was mainly in stable diluvial ground typically at 50m depth. Due to the large depth (50m below ground) and the large diameter (internal tunnel diameter of 10.6m), the closed type slurry shield was adopted. For this project, new technologies were employed in order to try to reduce costs, and an abbreviated secondary lining tunnel was developed. Thus, an internal water pressure reacting type segment was developed in order to maintain water-tightness.
The Outer Metropolitan Flood Water Control Water Route Project started construction in March 1993, This project will be complete in 2006.
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| (Presented by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport)
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| | Introduction
In order to provide an efficient fuel supply to each existing LNG power plant around Tokyo Bay, TEPCO is constructing a gas pipeline with the length of 20 km Of this, the part crossing Tokyo Bay will built as a shield tunnel with an internal diameter of 3.0m and length 18km, and inside which a single 700mm diameter gas line will be installed. Two slurry shield machines working under maximum water pressures of 0.66 MPa will each excavate 9.0km and meet up and connect underneath Tokyo Bay. The project schedule is 37 months to completion, lasting from April 2003 to April 2006. |
| | | Design
(1) Tunnel Alignment
The tunnel alignment was selected in consideration of earthquake, and the construction risk from encountering methane gas and geology comprising gravel deposits, soft weak soils (Yurakucho layer) and relatively stable soils (Nanagoutith layer and diluvial layers).
(2) Segments
In order to reduce erection time, segment joints were built as one-touch type connections. In addition, for the part
passing through the undersea diluvial layers on the Futtsu side, where the section forces created in the segment ring are governed by axial forces, the segments are simply butt jointed against each other, without physically connecting them together. (ref: QB segment)
Construction Planning
(1) Countermeasures against abrasion of cutter bit
The cutter bits are planned to be non-replaced throughout the 9km long excavation distance, and are planned to have an increased lifetime through research of their shape and arrangement layout, control of the cutter rotation speed and the employment of a back-up bit.
(2) Method of simultaneous excavation and segment erection
To maintain high-speed excavation, simultaneous excavation with segment erection was adopted. The monthly
progress is planned as approx. 500m, and the daily progress as approx. 25m.
(3) Mechanical underground connection
The mechanical underground connection method which is economical and requires a short construction period is being employed for this project.
| | (Presented by Tokyo Electric Power Company)
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| Storage methods for LPG, whether at normal temperature and high pressure, or at low temperature and normal pressure, are done in liquid form, and depending on the form of storage, are divided into above ground, on-ground and underground types.
Water seal type storage system stocks propane or butane gas in liquid form under pressure for long periods in a stable condition, within the excavated cavern utilizing the dynamic water head potential of underground water in the surrounding rock.
Plan Outline of Namikata base facilities
The Namikata base, one of the biggest bases in Japan, is equipped with 150,000 tons class storage of butane and 300,000 ton class storage of propane. The cavern tank section is planned as an egg shape, with water sealing tunnels and water sealing borings provided at the top part of the storage. These tunnels and borings are used to provide water in the rock, for the purpose of stabilizing the ground water pressure. In addition, the area of superstructural facilities is being developed using land reclamation along the shore.
(Presented by Japan National Oil Co.) | | |
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| The Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute is carrying out research and development projects. This includes the construction of deep underground research facilities in Mizunami, Gifu Prefecture and in Horonobe Town, Hokkaido.This project is part of the research and development of technology of underground disposal of high level radioactive waste, with the aim of preparing the base for engineering technology of deep underground layers and developing the technology of investigations, analysis and technical evaluations of the deep underground environment.
Mizunami Extra Deep Underground Laboratory
For the excavation of the vertical shaft, and in order to reduce the construction period as much as possible, an irregular short step method will be adopted, i.e., for pouring the lining concrete after every second blasting. For the horizontal shaft, excavation will mainly be carried out by NATM, with plans to introduce a TBM for a part for research purposes. | | |
| | (Presented by Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute)
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| | By connecting these two existing dams, which have large differences in inflow volume and storage, with a water tunnel, the aim of this project is to make the water flow more efficient. When Ikari Dam is full and cannot store any more water, the water tunnel is able to transport a maximum flow of 20m3/s if there is spare capacity, to Kawaji Dam. In addition, when the flow volume in the lower basin of Ikari Dam is not enough, storage water in Kawaji Dam supplied from Ikari Dam is returned to Ikari Dam with a maximum flow of around 1m3/s, thus improving the flow condition, and by preserving a steady flow, making the river flow more scenic.
This project involves the construction of a bullet shaped underground cavern (width 17m, height 15.6m, length 59m), with a shaft at its bottom (diameter 13m x depth 20m x 2 no.), an intake tunnel connecting Ikari Lake with the cavern (width 3.8m, height 4m x length 221m), an outlet tunnel connecting Kawaji Lake with the cavern (width 3.8m, height 4m x length 846m), a tunnel around the cavern for maintenance (width 7.8m x Height 6m x length 368m) and a ventilation cable tunnel (width 6m x height 5.8m x length 41m). Thus there are 6 types of tunnels with varying cross sections (approx 1,575m length) constructed by NATM techniques.
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| (Presented by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport)
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The Special Measures Act for the Public Use of Deep Underground Space was approved by the Diet in May 2000 and put into force on April 1, 2001.
The Kobe Municipal Government applied this law to a 250 m length of construction works for a water pipeline, so as to enable deep underground use at over 40m depth below private land, and to shorten the route length and reduce the project cost. |
| The City is aiming to start this construction works in 2007, and this will become the first application of the Special Measures Act for Public Use of Deep Underground.
Furthermore, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport has decided to apply the this ACT in order to promote the construction of a section of the Tokyo Outer Ring Road Project between Nerima and Setagaya (approx. 16km).
This will avoid the necessity of difficult land purchases etc.,and can help reduce costs.
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